Intro to C++ Concepts
Variables data types basic input and output
type conversion
operators
Working with Variables in C++
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int points = 5;
std::cout << "I scored " << points << "points" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Here the points value is return as 5.
You can change the value of the varible points
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int points = 5;
points = 10;
std::cout << "I scored " << points << " points" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Here the points value is returned as 10.
Literals
Data used for representing “fixed” values that can be used directly in the code we write
Integers
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int practice = 0213;
std::cout << practice << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Will return the value 139
Floating Points
#include <iostream>
int main() {
double floating_point = -0.45E-5;
std::cout << floating_point << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Will return -4.5e-06
Characters
single quotation marks
#include <iostream>
int main() {
char char_example = 'W';
std::cout << char_example << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Escape Sequences
Special meaning in C++, you can make a new line by using \n for a tab
String Literals
Constants
Variables that cannot be changed
#include <iostream>
int main() {
const int light_speed = 299792458;
light_speed = 2400;
std::cout << light_speed << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Data Types:
Integars
Float
Double
Example of a integar, float, and a double in C++
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int salary = 89000;
float area = 78.9;
double volume = 134.242;
std::cout <<"Example of a integer: "<< salary << std::endl;
std::cout << "an Example of a float and double: " << area << " and " << volume <<std::endl;
return 0;
}
Char
#include <iostream>
int main() {
char char_practice = 'h';
std::cout <<"Example of a Char: "<< char_practice << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Bool
True or False
#include <iostream>
int main() {
bool cond = false;
std::cout <<"the Bool is: "<< cond << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Note, it will return 1 for true and 0 for anything else (including false)
Void
The void keyword will indicate an absence of data which means “no value”
Modify Data Types
There are 4 Type Modifiers in C++
- signed
- unsigned
- short
- long
Then we can modify the above modifiers:
- int
- double
- char